Latex fontspec Error

Bugsfix
留言

latex编译时，出现报错! Package fontspec Error: The font "Microsoft YaHei" cannot be found.

排查问题记录与问题的思考。

一、环境

  • window11
  • texlive 2022
  • 一份带有中文的tex文件 
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    # 中文环境配置
    \usepackage[UTF8]{ctex}

二、问题

在执行xelatex *.tex时，出现如下报错：

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Package biblatex Warning: 'babel/polyglossia' detected but 'csquotes' missing.
(biblatex)                Loading 'csquotes' recommended.

(e:/texlive/2022/texmf-dist/tex/latex/newpx/TeXGyrePagellaX.fontspec)
(./main.aux)
*geometry* driver: auto-detecting
*geometry* detected driver: xetex
(e:/texlive/2022/texmf-dist/tex/latex/biblatex/lbx/english.lbx)
No file main.bbl.

Package hyperref Warning: Rerun to get /PageLabels entry.


! Package fontspec Error: The font "Microsoft YaHei" cannot be found.

For immediate help type H <return>.
 ...

l.79 ...sep=1cm]{\Huge\centering\bfseries\sffamily
                                                  \parbox[c][][t]{\paperwidt...

?

已知该字体已安装（解决过程中也重装该字体很多次）

三、解决

看到! Package fontspec Error: The font "Microsoft YaHei" cannot be found时，判断为字体没有识别，于是尝试重装该字体，重新加载字体缓存等操作，均无效（搞了一下午的字体问题，还把window10上的字体拷贝过来重新安装了）。

恰好手边有另一份带有中文的tex源文件（并不知道其中是如何配置的中文环境，只是有试一试的想法），于是尝试编译，结果成功了。

那么报字体问题的错误，问题根源是否出在字体问题上呢？再回顾模板的下载和修改过程，发现有一段数学符号包是后来添加的：

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\usepackage{esint}
\newcommand{\gt}{\textgreater}
\newcommand{\lt}{\textless}
\usepackage{euler}
\usepackage{newpxtext}
\usepackage{amsmath}

使用排除法（将上面所有的包全注释掉，一个一个添加），发现是newpxtext的问题，去掉该包之后，执行xelatex *.tex时，没有再出现报错。

四、思考

虽然终端显示的是字体问题，但是当字体确实没有问题的时候，就要考虑别的方向，做一些并行测试来对比分析（例如上面在另外一份类似的tex工程中尝试编译）。

另外要仔细分析日志，再看日志最后一部分时，可以看到有以下疑点：

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(e:/texlive/2022/texmf-dist/tex/latex/realscripts/realscripts.sty))

Package biblatex Warning: 'babel/polyglossia' detected but 'csquotes' missing.
(biblatex)                Loading 'csquotes' recommended.

# 1、这里出现的最后的包是newpx，就是newpxtext
(e:/texlive/2022/texmf-dist/tex/latex/<font color="#D44C47">**newpx**</font>/TeXGyrePagellaX.fontspec)
# 2、这里来看，有几个包含中文的文件都已经通过了，所以有可能不是字体问题
<font color="#D44C47">(./main.aux (./sub_chapter/01-basic_block.aux)
(./sub_chapter/02-advance_block.aux) (./sub_chapter/03-database.aux)
(./sub_chapter/04-multi_media.aux) (./sub_chapter/05-insert_block.aux)
(./sub_chapter/06-rich_text.aux) (./sub_chapter/07-database_op.aux)
(./sub_chapter/08-database_formula.aux))</font>
*geometry* driver: auto-detecting
*geometry* detected driver: xetex
(e:/texlive/2022/texmf-dist/tex/latex/biblatex/lbx/english.lbx)
No file main.bbl.

! Package fontspec Error: The font "Microsoft YaHei" cannot be found.

For immediate help type H <return>.
 ...

l.79 ...sep=1cm]{\Huge\centering\bfseries\sffamily
                                                  \parbox[c][][t]{\paperwidt...

?

完整的输出日志：

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PS F:\GitHubRepo\LatexBook\Notion_handout_latex> xelatex main
This is XeTeX, Version 3.141592653-2.6-0.999994 (TeX Live 2022) (preloaded format=xelatex)
 restricted \write18 enabled.
entering extended mode
(./main.tex
LaTeX2e <2022-11-01> patch level 1
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